Use of a trans-tracheal rapid insufflation of oxygen device in a “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” scenario in a parturient: a case report / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: The trans-tracheal rapid insufflation of oxygen (TRIO) device is less commonly used and is an alternative to trans-tracheal jet ventilation for maintaining oxygenation in a “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) scenario. CASE: We report the successful use of this device to maintain oxygenation after jet ventilator failure in a parturient who presented with the CICO scenario during the procedure for excision of laryngeal papilloma. CONCLUSIONS: A stepwise approach to the airway plan and preparation for an event of failure is essential for good materno-fetal outcomes. The TRIO device may result in inadequate ventilation that can lead to hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis. Hence, it should only be used as a temporizing measure before a definitive airway can be secured.

Use of a trans-tracheal rapid insufflation of oxygen device in a “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” scenario in a parturient: a case report / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND@#The trans-tracheal rapid insufflation of oxygen (TRIO) device is less commonly used and is an alternative to trans-tracheal jet ventilation for maintaining oxygenation in a “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) scenario.CASE: We report the successful use of this device to maintain oxygenation after jet ventilator failure in a parturient who presented with the CICO scenario during the procedure for excision of laryngeal papilloma.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A stepwise approach to the airway plan and preparation for an event of failure is essential for good materno-fetal outcomes. The TRIO device may result in inadequate ventilation that can lead to hypercarbia and respiratory acidosis. Hence, it should only be used as a temporizing measure before a definitive airway can be secured.

Anesthetic maintenance with propofol infusion is less expensive per minute of surgery than sevoflurane or desflurane

Cost comparison between three common anesthetic agents. Retrospective analysis. Patients had been randomized to anesthetic maintenance with either desflurane, sevoflurane, or propofol. Operating room in an academic medical center. 103 patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia. Patients were ASA class I-III and between 18 and 75 years old. Cardiac, Neurologic, and regional cases were excluded. Volatile anesthetic cost was determined using the following formula: Cost = [[concentration][FGF][duration][MW][cost/ml]]/[2412][D]. To determine propofol cost, average infusion rate [mcg/kg/min.], patient weight, and duration were measured. Cost for each agent was then divided by surgical time to compare the results on a cost/min. basis. Per minute of surgery, propofol was the least expensive agent for anesthetic maintenance at $0.12/min. Sevoflurane cost $0.18/min and desflurane cost $0.48/min. The differences between all three agents were statistically significant [p <0.05]. Propofol maintenance was associated with a higher intra-operative fentanyl dose. The average fentanyl dose in the propofol group was 468 meg, sevoflurane was 321 meg, and desflurane was 284 meg. There was no association between intra-operative fentanyl dose and anesthetic maintenance cost per minute of surgery. Surgical time did not significantly differ between the three groups and averaged over three hours. Anesthetic maintenance with propofol may help peri-operative physicians deliver care in the most cost effective manner possible

Protein-protein complexation in bioluminescence

In this review we summarize the progress made towards understanding the role of protein-protein interactions in the function of various bioluminescence systems of marine organisms, including bacteria, jellyfish and soft corals, with particular focus on methodology used to detect and characterize these interactions. In some bioluminescence systems, protein-protein interactions involve an "accessory protein" whereby a stored substrate is efficiently delivered to the bioluminescent enzyme luciferase. Other types of complexation mediate energy transfer to an "antenna protein" altering the color and quantum yield of a bioluminescence reaction. Spatial structures of the complexes reveal an important role of electrostatic forces in governing the corresponding weak interactions and define the nature of the interaction surfaces. The most reliable structural model is available for the protein-protein complex of the Ca(2+)-regulated photoprotein clytin and green-fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Clytia gregaria, solved by means of Xray crystallography, NMR mapping and molecular docking. This provides an example of the potential strategies in studying the transient complexes involved in bioluminescence. It is emphasized that structural studies such as these can provide valuable insight into the detailed mechanism of bioluminescence.